Tested this today.
Methodology:
Character: Elf Adventurer 7 base STR augmented to 10 with one Empower enchant
Weapon: Training Blade
Min Damage 9
Max Damage 18
Victim: Unequipped Elf Wizard
0 armor defense chance
0 armor damage reduction
0 buffs/effects
0% MDM with no stance
Attributes Page Damage with 0% MDM applied: 9-18
Minimum hit expected result: 9
Maximum hit expected result: 18
15 rounds combat, critical hits discarded (Total attacks: 25) (Rounds 1 and 2 not included due to crossing the screen)
+39% MDM with stance
Attributes Page Damage with 39% MDM applied: 9-18 (display bug?)
Minimum hit expected: 12
Maximum hit expected: 25
0% MDM Trial
[Combat Round 3] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 18 and the total this round is 18. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 5] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 14 and the total this round is 14. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 5] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 18 and the total this round is 32. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 6] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 18 and the total this round is 18. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 6] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 10 and the total this round is 28. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 6] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 18 and the total this round is 46. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 7] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 9 and the total this round is 9. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 8] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 9 and the total this round is 46. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 9] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 18 and the total this round is 18. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 9] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 15 and the total this round is 33. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 10] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 17 and the total this round is 17. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 10] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 17 and the total this round is 34. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 12] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 14 and the total this round is 14. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 12] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 9 and the total this round is 23. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 13] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 11 and the total this round is 11. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 13] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 13 and the total this round is 24. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 14] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 16 and the total this round is 16. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 14] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 15 and the total this round is 31. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 15] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 17 and the total this round is 17. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 15] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 14 and the total this round is 31. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 16] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 10 and the total this round is 10. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 16] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 12 and the total this round is 22. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 17] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 12 and the total this round is 12. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 18] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 18 and the total this round is 45. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 18] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 12 and the total this round is 57. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
Minimum hit experienced: 9
Maximum hit experienced: 18
Combat Stance Trial (Effective MDM +39%)
[Combat Round 3] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 14 and the total this round is 14. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 3] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 13 and the total this round is 27. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 4] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 12 and the total this round is 12. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 5] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 15 and the total this round is 15. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 5] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 18 and the total this round is 33. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 5] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 13 and the total this round is 46. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 6] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 9 and the total this round is 9. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 6] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 13 and the total this round is 22. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 7] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 9 and the total this round is 9. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 8] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 11 and the total this round is 11. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 8] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 10 and the total this round is 21. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 8] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 13 and the total this round is 34. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 9] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 12 and the total this round is 12. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 9] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 16 and the total this round is 28. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 10] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 18 and the total this round is 18. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 10] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 16 and the total this round is 34. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 10] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 12 and the total this round is 46. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 11] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 10 and the total this round is 10. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 13] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 14 and the total this round is 14. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 13] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 18 and the total this round is 32. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 14] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 15 and the total this round is 15. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 15] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 11 and the total this round is 36. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 16] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 10 and the total this round is 10. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 16] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 16 and the total this round is 26. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 17] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 10 and the total this round is 10. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 17] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 11 and the total this round is 21. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 18] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 17 and the total this round is 17. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
[Combat Round 18] TestingAdventure's damage for this attack is 14 and the total this round is 31. Elemental bonus damage: [F:0] [I:0] [V:0] [E:0] [A:0] [S:0].
Minimum hit experienced: 9
Maximum hit experienced: 18
Outcomes
Honestly, I think this deserves a look by the development team.
Without knowing the expected distribution of hits, I can't say whether I should have expected a max damage roll within 25 attacks, however, if the 39% MDM increase from Combat Stance was applied, I expected to never see a minimum hit below 12 in the second trial.
Barring any super sekrit knowledge about the melee damage calculation beyond "D = weapon damage + weapon damage * MDM" I feel like this bug appears to be confirmed.
Raw data has been preserved and I can post it on dropbox or something if desired.